Gastroesophageal reflux arises from increased exposure and/or sensitivity of the esophageal mucosa to gastric contents, and affects 5-40 percent of the population. Esophageal ultrasound studies in GER have mainly focused on the evaluation of the gastroesophageal junction and esophageal motility performed by transabdominal or endoluminal routes. Visualizing refluxate in transcutaneous cervical esophageal ultrasound was found to be useful as a pre-diagnostic tool for estimating GER and/or manometric pathology in 71.1 percent of adults.
This research fingding, published sometime in October 21 issue of World Journal of Gastroenterology, describes the relationship of cervical esophagus ultrasound with ambulatory 24-h pH-monitoring and esophageal manometry.
The head researcher, S. Kacar, planned the study the facts that 1) it is possible to visualize GER episodes and estimate GERD in the GEJ region in US infants and children; and 2) esophageal motor disorders can cause abnormal fluid or viscous bolus transit in the lumen of the esophagus. The aims of the study were to compare the TCEUS findings in the patient subgroups divided according to 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring and manometry, and to investigate the possible cut-off values according to the TCEUS findings as a predictor of GER and/or esophageal dysmotility.
This study is the first to show refluxate presence in the cervical esophageal lumen along with TCEUS parameters measured transcutaneously, while also correlating pH monitoring and esophageal manometry findings, in adults.
Esophageal US is a non-invasive, readily available, repeatable, cheap and fast technique. In conclusion, Kacar notes that TCEUS can not substitute for 24-h pH monitoring or esophageal manometry, although it can serve as a complementary technique by aiding in the estimation of GER and motility disorders, which can cause impairment of bolus transit in adults.