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Genome :: Carnegie Mellon scientist plays key role in unveiling sea urchin genome

Carnegie Mellon University has played a key role in an international, multi-institutional collaboration to sequence the sea urchin genome. As part of the consortium, Charles Ettensohn, professor of biological sciences, led the team that cataloged the genes responsible for building the sea urchin’s embryonic skeleton. He also contributed 51,000 cDNAs — about one-third of the total genomic material critical for assembling the genome and for accurately predicting where genes lie within the DNA sequence.

Flu :: With BYU partner, FSU’s Magnet Lab researchers deciphering flu virus

As the Northern Hemisphere braces for another flu season, researchers at Florida State University’s National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Tallahassee, Florida are making strides toward better understanding the mechanics of the virus that causes it — a virus that kills between one-quarter and one-half million people each year.

HIV :: To slow AIDS in Russia, treat HIV-positive addicts – Stanford study

The key to combating AIDS in Russia may be to treat HIV-infected drug users. A new model estimating the spread of HIV in Russia suggests that treating injection drug users with antiretroviral medication will slow transmission of the virus among the general population.

Heart :: Seven-point system gauges seriousness of heart failure in elderly – Washington University

A simple points system may soon help guide treatment of elderly heart failure patients. Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis found that by counting how many of seven easy-to-obtain health factors a patient has, physicians can estimate the patient’s risk of dying.

Brain :: RNA map provides first comprehensive understanding of alternative splicing

A new RNA map, created by a team of researchers at Rockefeller University and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, shows for the first time how the specific location of short snippets of RNA affects the way that alternative splicing is controlled in the brain.

Life :: Scientists find new way to search for origin of life – DNA microarray technology

Over the last half century, researchers have found that mineral surfaces may have played critical roles organizing, or activating, molecules that would become essential ingredients to all life–such as amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) and nucleic acids (the essence of DNA). But which of the countless possible combinations of biomolecules and mineral surfaces were key to this evolution? This vexing question has stumped scientists for years because of the sheer volume of possibilities.

Radiation :: Quantized heat conduction by photons observed – Finland

In a recent experiment, to be published in Nature on Nov. 9, Dr. Matthias Meschke and professor Jukka Pekola, together with Dr. Wiebke Guichard, a coworker from French CNRS, investigated heat exchange between two small pieces of normal metal, connected to each other only via superconducting leads. The results demonstrate that at very low temperatures heat is transferred by electromagnetic radiation.

Kidney Cancer :: Systemic treatment before surgery for kidney cancer prolongs patients’ survival

Preliminary results from a phase II clinical trial have provided the first evidence that treating people with kidney cancer with bevacizumab and erlotinib before surgery is safe, effective and may prolong patients’ survival, the 18th EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics heard on Thursday.

Eating Disorders :: Patient’s Worldwide Bill of Rights for Eating Disorders Demands Proof of Results

An international professional society has issued a patient?s bill of rights for the treatment of eating disorders, conditions that affect an estimated 30 million Americans, most of them young women. For 2 million, symptoms will progress to full-blown anorexia nervosa and approximately 10 percent will die from the disease. Treatment is often complex and typically involves not only the patient, but friends and family as well.

Health :: Food Safety Consortium Summarizes Year’s Work

Multiple research projects across three cooperating universities are demonstrating progress that is enabling American producers, processors and consumers to maintain a safe food supply. The Food Safety Consortium summarized that work in its recently completed annual report for the 2005-06 fiscal year.