Liver :: Quick-burning carbs may cause fatty liver

The obesity epidemic has spawned not just diabetes, but another serious public health problem: a surge in fatty liver disease, which can lead to cirrhosis and liver failure. Now, research suggests that limiting consumption of high-glycemic-index carbohydrates can prevent the condition in mice. A clinical trial is now testing this idea in overweight adolescents, as well as the possibility of reversing fatty liver disease through diet.

Pregnancy :: Modulating fat levels essential for successful pregnancy

A new mouse study has provided a potential reason for early pregnancy loss in humans. Female mice lacking a protein known as sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) and expressing reduced levels of Sphk2 were found to experience early pregnancy loss and therefore to be infertile. As Sphk1 and Sphk2 are involved in metabolizing fats known as sphingolipids, the authors suggested that disturbances in sphingolipid metabolism might be a cause of early pregnancy loss in humans.

Air Pollution :: Linking air pollutants and blood clotting

Air pollution is caused by any particulate matter, chemical, or biological agent that changes the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Exposure to particulate matter has been linked to an increased risk of heart problems, including increased risk of heart attack.

Insulin :: Smart insulin nanostructures pass feasibility test, UT study reports

Biomedical engineers at the University of Texas School of Health Information Sciences at Houston have announced pre-clinical test results in the September issue of the International Journal of Nanomedicine demonstrating the feasibility of a smart particle insulin release system that detects spikes in glucose or blood sugar levels and releases insulin to counteract them

Psychology :: The science of collective decision-making

Why do some juries take weeks to reach a verdict, while others take just hours? How do judges pick the perfect beauty queen from a sea of very similar candidates? We have all wondered exactly why we did not win a certain award. Now, new psychological research explains how groups come to a collective decision.

Teenage Pregnancy :: Teen girls report abusive boyfriends try to get them pregnant

In a new qualitative clinical study published in the September-October issue of the journal Ambulatory Pediatrics, pediatrician Elizabeth Miller and her research colleagues report that a quarter of the teenage girls interviewed for the study — all of whom had histories of abusive relationships — say their partners were actively trying to get them pregnant. The study, available online today, is the first in the general adolescent health literature to document the role of abusive partners in promoting teen pregnancy.

Aging :: Sirtris & Harvard discover new mechanism to slow aging

Sirtris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: SIRT), a biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering and developing small molecule drugs to treat diseases of aging, announced publication of a study by Sirtris and Harvard University scientists in the journal Cell that reveals a new mechanism to slow aging.

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